Wolbachia west nile virus

Open in a separate window. Figure 1. Wolbachia -Mediated Antiviral Protection Wolbachia -mediated antiviral protection was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster [ 24 , 25 ]. Arboviruses in Mosquitoes A subset of the over species of mosquitoes vector viruses that cause human disease Table 1.

St Louis encephalitis virus Culex spp. West Nile virus Culex spp. Yellow fever virus Aedes spp. Semliki Forest virus Aedes spp. Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus Aedes spp. The Distribution of Wolbachia in Vector Mosquitoes Wolbachia was first discovered in the mosquito Culex pipiens [ 65 ] and is present in populations of various wild mosquito species. Table 2 Antiviral protection in mosquitoes naturally or artificially infected with Wolbachia.

Conclusions Currently, there is a contrast of antiviral effects reported in naturally versus artificially infected mosquitoes. Conflicts of Interest The author declares no conflict of interest. References 1. Bourtzis K. Harnessing mosquito- Wolbachia symbiosis for vector and disease control.

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Blagrove M. Wolbachia strain w Mel induces cytoplasmic incompatibility and blocks dengue transmission in Aedes albopictus. Mousson L. Wolbachia modulates Chikungunya replication in Aedes albopictus. The native Wolbachia symbionts limit transmission of dengue virus in Aedes albopictus. Hussain M. Effect of Wolbachia on replication of West Nile Virus in a mosquito cell line and adult mosquitoes.

Dodson B. Caragata E. Dietary cholesterol modulates pathogen blocking by Wolbachia. Kambris Z. Wolbachia stimulates immune gene expression and inhibits Plasmodium development in Anopheles gambiae. Immune activation by life-shortening Wolbachia and reduced filarial competence in mosquitoes. According to Rasgon, the team suspected that Wolbachia could enhance some pathogens within mosquitoes. But, he added, the team did not suspect that Wolbachia would enhance mosquito infection with the human pathogen West Nile virus.

According to Rasgon, the researchers plan to conduct additional experiments to determine the exact mechanism of Wolbachia -based West Nile virus enhancement in Culex tarsalis. Enter your email address to subscribe to Entomology Today. You'll receive notifications of new posts by email.

Email Address. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. After artificial infection with Wolbachia, many mosquitoes become refractory to infection and transmission of diverse pathogens. After inoculation into adult female mosquitoes, Wolbachia reached high titers and disseminated widely to numerous tissues including the head, thoracic flight muscles, fat body and ovarian follicles.

Contrary to other systems, Wolbachia did not inhibit WNV in this mosquito.